Mind mapping of a Job Interview Process an Example of the Topic Psychology Essays by

Mind mapping of a Job Interview Process A job interview is an arduous and stressful process that many job applicants undergo. Usually people prepare for a job interview. Thus, mind mapping the process that a person will encounter during a job interview, which includes: how to prepare for an interview, how to dress for an interview, what to do the day of the interview, how to conduct oneself during the interview, topics that can be discussed during an interview, and what to do after an interview; allow a person to get a firm grasp of what needs to be done and said in order to hopefully land the desired job. Thus, a mind map will enable people to know the appropriate etiquette and mannerism that are expected during a job interview, which can help them stand out from the rest of the other job applicants vying for the same position. Need essay sample on "Mind mapping of a Job Interview Process" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Undergraduates Frequently Tell EssayLab professionals: Idon't want to write my paper. Because I don't have the time Essay writer professionals suggest: Winning Academic Essay Writing Delivered On Time Custom Writing Reviews Online Paper Writing Service Custom Writing Service Write My Paper For Cheap Therefore, in this instance, it is applicable for a mind map to be used as a visual aid or representation that breaks down the job interview process and makes it simple for an individual to understand all the necessary components that makes a job interview successful. Also, a mind map lets a person "quickly identify and understand [a certain topic] and the way pieces of information fit" (Mindtools, 2008). As a result, information that a person has written down and carefully organized can be evaluated for its importance and be placed into perspective. Another purpose of a mind map is to "summariz[e]and clarif[y] [ones] thoughts" (Mind map, 2008). In addition, a mind map can be seen as a sort of to-do-list and check-list to determine if a person has overlooked any necessary details that he or she should address or attend to before the job interview. Thus, it shows information in a way that is "easy to remember and quick to review" (Mindtools, 2008). Hence, for a person on the go, mind maps enable them to re-hash information quickly. Therefore, a person can take a "glance, jumping right to the part [he or she] needs" to find out or know (Codswallop, n.d). Finally, by putting the job interview process down, steps that need to be taken becomes definite and concrete. It is also very significant to know that language, which is essentially communicated by speaking, plays a huge part in the job interview process. The reason is language represents purpose and conveys intention (Sign, 2008). And the job interview process clearly symbolizes this. This is because when a person is being interviewed, anything that the applicant utters simply shows his or her desire to get the job. Thus, even the preparation and outfit that is chosen to be worn during the interview signifies an intended purpose, which in this case is to ultimately land the job. While the interviewers intention is to find out if the applicant is the most qualified person for the position. Also, gestures and acts-which partly constitute semiotics- being made during a job interview process indicates the performance of a ritual. From the moment the applicant walks in the job interview, to the firm handshake being extended to the interviewer, to the eye contact that is constantly being made and the straight posture as well as confident exterior being exhibited represents a ritual that people perform on a daily basis. All of these acts will be interpreted accordingly by the interviewer to gauge a persons qualification. Therefore, each act being made in a job application process serves to convey a specific, positive meaning. And the meaning behind language and gestures is what Saussure focuses in his study of semiology (Making sense of media, 2004). It is apparent that job applicants want to put their best foot forward. Therefore, by preparing for the job interview, dressing the part, and conducting oneself appropriately during and after the interview shows that they want to be absolutely sure that they are doing what they are supposed to in order to be chosen amongst other applicants. Nonetheless, there are different kinds of mind maps available. For me, the structure of my mind map is based upon the fact that I want information to be organized in a clear-cut way that is easy to understand. Therefore, I refrained from using unusual images and symbols. Thus, I chose a straight line that goes in one direction either sideways, upwards or downwards. This is because if I use squiggly or curvy lines, the relationship between each ideas and subheadings may not be clearly recognizable. Furthermore, I chose a box to enclose the main ideas because it makes it easier to focus on them. This is because the words are contained instead of scattered, which will be the case if I would have used a different form of representation. I also numbered the main ideas to show that there are certain steps to the job interview process. Hence, one goes after the other. Also, I made sure that the space between the main ideas and sub-headings are far apart from each other so that I will not have them mixed up. The same goes for the subheadings themselves, which have large spaces between them. Finally, the specific colors attributed to each main idea and sub-heading further illustrate their distinctness. Bibliography Codswallop. Using Mind Maps for Creativity, Note-Taking and Productivity, 2008, retrieved 8 March 2008, http://www.cogniview.com/convert-pdf-to-excel/post/using-mind-maps-for-creativity-note-taking-and-productivity/> Elements of Semiology, n.d., retrieved 9 March 2008, http://www.marxists.org/reference/subject/philosophy/works/fr/barthes.htm> Making sense of media, 2004, retrieved 9 March 2008 http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/content/BPL_Images/Content_store/Sample_chapter/9781405120166/Berger_sample%20chapter_Making%20sense%20of%20media.pdf> Mind Map, 2008, retrieved 8 March 2008, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mind_map> Mindtools. Mind Map, 2008, retrieved 8 March 2008, \ Sign (semiotics), 2008, retrieved 9 March 2008.

Determination of Genotypes from Phenotypes in Humans essays

Determination of Genotypes from Phenotypes in Humans essays An organism can be thought of as a large collection of phenotypes. A phenotype is the appearance of a trait and is determined by pairs of genes. The pairs of genes represent the genotype for the trait. In this lab, some phenotypic traits were determined. From the phenotypic traits, it was determined what genotypes were had. If a trait is dominant and the person possessed that trait, it would not have been able to be determined the exact genotype because it could have been either homozygous or heterozygous for the gene. However, if a trait was determined by incomplete dominance, it could be told if it were homozygous or heterozygous. Genotypes of recessive traits could be identified. By comparing the genotypes and phenotypes with other people in the class, it would have seen why it was a unique individual. Given the almost limitless number of gene combinations, it is almost impossible that anyone would have all the same traits. First, one piece of PTC paper was obtained and untreated taste paper from a teacher. The untreated paper was placed on a wet tongue to see how it tasted. Then it was disposed of in the wastebasket, and placed the PTC paper on a wet tongue to see if it could taste the phenylthiocarbamide-PTC. It was tasted. It was quite bitter and it was noticed readily that it had the ability to taste the chemical. The data was entered now that the phenotype was determined. For each of the following traits, it was observed and recorded in the table for genotypes and phenotypes. TRAITS MY PHENOTYPE POSSIBLE GENOTYPES b) Hairline Widows peak WW, Ww e) Tongue dexterity Unable to roll cc f) Thumb Hitch-hikers thumb BB, Bb j) Lip protrusion Slightly protruding PN ...

Average National SAT Scores for 2012

Average National SAT Scores for 2012   Over a million high-schoolers registered for the SAT  in 2012. Their average scores provide some interesting insights into this group. Whether they wanted admission to the  top public universities  or another school of their choice, see how they performed. Overall SAT Scores for 2012 The mean is the average score of every student who took the SAT from the fall of 2011 through June of 2012. Here are the mean scores for all testers by section: Overall: 1498Critical Reading: 496Mathematics: 514Writing: 488 (subscores: multiple-choice: 48.1 / essay: 7.3) See how these compare: SAT Scores for 2013 SAT Scores by Gender As is often seen, boys were better on average in the Mathematics section and they also slightly outperformed girls as a whole in the Critical Reading Section. But females outperformed them on average in the Writing section. You can compare your scores with the average for your gender. Critical Reading:  Males: 498. Females: 493Mathematics:  Males: 532. Females: 499Writing:  Males: 481. Females: 494 SAT Scores by Reported Annual Income Higher parental income is associated with a higher SAT score. This doesnt necessarily mean that wealthier families produce smarter children. But it likely has some relationship to parents sending their children to better schools and being more willing to purchase SAT prep. They may also be more willing to spend money on retakes of the examination. $0 to $20,000: 1323$20,000 to $40,000: 1398$40,000 to $60,000: 1461$60,000 to $80,000: 1503$80,000 to $100,000: 1545$100,000 to $120,000: 1580$120,000 to $140,000: 1594$140,000 to $160,000: 1619$160,000 to $200,000: 1636$200,000 and more: 1721 SAT Scores by AP/Honors Classes It is helpful to know which courses in school tend to produce the highest SAT scores. You could guess that students who take AP courses or rigorous Honors courses are going to score higher on the SAT, but the degree to which they score better is significant. The question is which came first, the chicken or the egg? Do these students score higher due to their natural abilities, or do the courses themselves prepare students better for the SAT? Check out the stats: AP/Honors Math 1698: Mean SAT score for those enrolled in AP/Honors Math1404: Mean SAT score for those not enrolled Percentage of SAT Testers Enrolled in AP/Honors Math by Ethnicity All students: 36 percentAfrican American: 25 percentAmerican Indian: 31 percentAsian: 47 percentHispanic: 31 percentWhite: 40 percent AP/Honors English 1655: Mean SAT score for those enrolled in AP/Honors Math1404: Mean SAT score for those not enrolled Percentage of SAT Testers Enrolled in AP/Honors English by Ethnicity All students: 42 percentAfrican American: 34 percentAmerican Indian: 40 percentAsian: 44 percentHispanic: 39 percentWhite: 46 percent AP/Honors Natural Science 1698: Mean SAT score for those enrolled in AP/Honors Math1414: Mean SAT score for those not enrolled Percentage of SAT Testers Enrolled in AP/Honors Natural Science by Ethnicity All students: 35 percentAfrican American: 24 percentAmerican Indian: 28 percentAsian: 43 percentHispanic: 28 percentWhite: 38 percent 2012 SAT Scores Summary The statistics say youd have the best advantage on the SAT if you were a male of Asian ethnicity whose family who made more than $200,000 per year. You could always prepare regardless of your ethnic heritage or familial status. These statistics represent the mean but do not, of course, represent the individual. If you have nothing in common with the groups scoring the highest on the SAT, it does not mean that you cant secure a top-notch score. Start with some free SAT practice quizzes, grab some free SAT apps, and prepare yourself the best way you can.

Answering questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Answering questions - Essay Example My writing experience during high school and college can only be described as fun. This is because, in many cases, even during other courses that required an essay, I would find it being so much enjoyable since I usually scoped high grades in those quizzes and assignments. Since writing is my passion, and with my studies now, I have a lot of experience in stories and poems. Since I began my college studies, I have written several poems and stories that I intend to publish in due course. My writing skills also involve writing dissertations and article writing. I usually write articles which are published in our state youth journal that gives me an avenue to explore my skills and talent. My future career is to be consultant in the field of marketing; therefore, my writing skills would be widely used in communicating with my clients and to the markets thereafter. Since marketing strategies involve wide interactions with the customers (people), I intend to sharpen my skills so that I would effectively communicate during my work

Research Methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 3

Research Methods - Essay Example The questions were prepared in such a manner that it can clearly depict whether changes are required in an organisation and whether the managers are well aware and responsive to those changes. It is observed that about 80 questionnaires were duly filled while the 20 questionnaires are not taken for the analysis; within these 14 questionnaires were not dully filled and 6 were missing. Hence, 80/100 = 80% of the sample is considered for the analysis (Hair and Money, 2011; Gulati, 2009). Convenience sampling is employed in this case as the respondents are chosen because of proximity and accessibility. Here, the respondents are chosen randomly and the emails are sent along with the online link, where they will get the questionnaires. The questionnaires are sent to those managers and employees, who can be easily reached and does not have to go through an intermediary. Both descriptive and statistical analysis has been done for determining whether changes are encouraged in both the organizations. The analysis is divided into segments: Organization 1 and Organization 2. 50 respondents were chosen from each organization. The figure states that the managers, who are aware of the term change management, have the ability to identify the need for changes, which will improve the productivity Department of Culture and Information in Sharjah. However, few of the employees have stated that managers have resisted the changes and have not cooperated with the expectations and suggestions of the employees. Through the interview the managers of Sharjah Department of Information and Culture has depicted that they are concerned with the productivity of the organisations and individuals and does not concentrate on rating the efforts of the employees as they do not receive any holiday except the Ramadan. Hence, if changes are needed for the betterment of the organisations, the managers are positive about it (Hesse-Biber, 2010). According to the

Adversities in of Mice and Men Essay Example for Free

Adversities in of Mice and Men Essay SteinbeckIn the novel Of Mice and Men, the problems experienced by the characters are often over looked in favor of the themes of the book. However, by looking at the adversities of all of the characters, one can see the same adversities expressed in our own lives; by examining these said adversities, one can also learn to face such difficulties in the real world and better determine how to handle them. In the novel, Lennie faces difficulty in explaining himself to the rest of the world. Since he is mentally challenged, most people, even George sometimes, underestimated his intelligence and logic skills. In Weed, the ranchers assumed the worst about him and didn’t stop to think of his motives. They chased George and Lennie out of town with a mob of angry ranchers. At the ranch in Soledad, Lennie is given most of the basic tasks. Everyone assumes he cannot do work like a normal ranch hand. And again, after he kills Curly’s wife, everyone, except George and perhaps Slim, assumes he killed her out of pure spite. This lack of interest in his true motives is similar to the lack of interest the world has for our motives for anything. The world focuses more on what we have done than on why we have done it. If one cannot display ones motives or desires, then the world assumes the worst, and often society labels situations in a less than satisfactory manner. George faces a barrier in achieving his dream of owning a ranch of his own. Partially this is his doing, as shown with the wasting of money on cathouses and booze, but there are other factors as well, like the death of Lennie. Also, George seems to abandon any hope in his dream at the end of the novel. In this case, one can see that if ample efforts are not taken in the right direction one cannot achieve his goal to its entirety. Furthermore, the way the workmen take away Candy’s dog is similar to the way the world takes away the joys experienced by some members of the society. Candy’s dog, symbolic of Candy’s life and livelihood, was more important to him than some of the other ranch hands. Carlson, the representative of the world, took Candy’s dog from him and killed it, just as the world will sometimes take what we hold most dear. One can learn from this to hold on to what is most important to them. One should never let the world dictate how to make decisions on how to live life. In conclusion, the problems of the characters in Of Mice and Men are very similar to the problems in the real world. In the novel, however, the difficulties are more apparent than in the world. By applying the experiences of the characters to one’s own life, one can learn how to better himself for his own benefit.

Communication in Health Care Essay -- Healthcare Communication

Introduction This is an analysis of a taped interview between a nurse and a patient who is taking pre-employment medicals. The information given during the interview, including her name, Pink Cloud is fictitious because of the need of confidentiality. During the interview, objective and subjective data will be collected. The areas of communication focused on in the analysis are verbal, questioning and listening skills. Analysis will be made and later suggestions and recommendations will be made on how to make improvements in the future. To achieve this, direct quotations from the will be used to make references to the three theories being analysed and will be supported by the literature. Analysis of the interview An interview is a planned interpersonal conversation with a purpose between two people who interact largely through a question and answer format to achieve specific goals. Verbal communication is a way in which people communicate face to face. The key components of verbal communication are words and phrases, intonation and clarity and brevity. Different words and phrases have different meanings. The denotation meaning is shared by individuals who share a common language while connotative meaning is the interpretation of a word’s meaning influenced by feeling and thoughts of people. Therefore, Nurses should carefully select words that cannot be interpreted, especially when explaining a client’s medical condition (Taylor & Crisp, 2006). Additionally, other concepts of verbal communication skills such as questioning and probing, paraphrasing and understanding are used when talking to patients. Questioning and probing is where various types of questions and statements... ...Apler, J. P. (2006). Professional nurse communications skills sets in health care team interactions. Journal of Professional Nursing , 22 (2), 180-189. Boyler, D. &. (2004). Enhancing collaborative communication of Nurded and Psysican Leadership. Journal of Nursing Administartion , 34 (2), 60-70. Dixon, J. &. (2006). Skilled communication:making it real.Advances in critical care. Journal of Continuing Education In Nursing , 17 (4), 376-382. Robertson, K. (2004). Active listening:more than just paying attention. Australia: Australian Family Pysician. Roter, D. (2004). The enduring and evolving nature of the patient-physician relationship. Journal of clinical oncology , 22 (13), 10-15. Stein-Parbury, J. (2009). Patient and person. New York:Churchill Livingstone. Taylor & Crisp. (2006). Fundamental of Nursing. Sydney , New south wales, Australia: Vaughn Curtis.

Iraq or its capital of Baghdad was not accustomed to “freedom”

â€Å"For, in truth, there is no sure way of holding other than by destroying, and whoever becomes master of a City accustomed to live in freedom and does not destroy it, may reckon on being destroyed by it† (Machiavelli: 11).   â€Å"Hence we may learn the lesson that on seizing a state, the usurper should make haste to inflict what injuries he must, at a stroke, that he may not have to renew them daily, but be able by their discontinuation to reassure men’s minds, and afterwards win them over by benefits†Ã‚   (23). While it can hardly be argued that Iraq or its capital of Baghdad, which reflects the divisions of Iraq, was accustomed to â€Å"freedom† before the American invasion, it at least enjoyed freedom from foreign occupation.   The above quote is relevant to the American experience in Iraq because, pursuant to the failure to destroy the enemy in the opening stages of the war, the American mission is in serious risk of being destroyed by that very enemy, years after taking nominal â€Å"control† over Iraq. A failure to pacify restive Sunni centers such as Fallujah, Ramadi, and Mosul during or immediately after the initial invasion, a failure to â€Å"destroy† in Machiavelli’s parlance, left the American occupation armies among its enemies rather than victorious over them.   This negligence, and the willingness to bypass centers of resistance on the drive to Baghdad rather than to subdue them, led directly to the next stage of failure, and the next piece of relevant advice from The Prince. â€Å"If, however, the newly acquired City or Province has been accustomed to live under a Prince, and his line is extinguished, it will be impossible for the citizens, used, on the one hand, to obey, and deprived, on the other, of their old ruler, to agree to choose a leader from among themselves†Ã‚   (11-12). The Prince in this scenario, of course, is Saddam Hussein; Hussein’s â€Å"line† was both biological, in the form of his sons Uday and Qusay, and political, in the form of the brutal and brilliantly organized Ba’ath Party.   The United States willingly destroyed the heart, brain, and nerve center of the Iraqi state and came with no workable plan to replace them.   It should hardly have come as any surprise, bearing all of this in mind, that the Iraqi people have been unable to come to any sort of consensus on what form their new government should take.   The entire gamble of the Iraq War, from the perspective of the Bush administration, hinged on the hope that Machiavelli was wrong, the hope that citizens deprived of a powerful prince would be able to peaceably choose a new leader from among themselves. A further failure of the American enterprise in Iraq has been the inability to instill a sense of loyalty for the new Iraqi government and army among a critical mass of the Iraqi people.   Loyalty should not be taken to imply affection, but merely respect and deference.   Employing historically brutal methods, Saddam Hussein garnered a certain sense of â€Å"loyalty† from the Iraqi people.   The new Iraq government, however, is not recognized by most Iraqis as the legitimate or competent representation of the Iraqi state; instead, a slew of militias and insurgent groups command far more loyalty on the street than do the national institutions sponsored and supported by the United States. The first rule of any government, democratic or not, is the rule of â€Å"one gun†.   In other words, the state must be perceived to be the only legitimate employer of violence.   That is most decidedly not the case in post-invasion Iraq.   As Machiavelli wrote, â€Å"a wise Prince should devise means whereby his subjects may at all times, whether favourable or adverse, feel the need of the State and of him, and then they will always be faithful to him†Ã‚   (26). The legitimacy and the staying power of the Iraqi government is the most important factor of the American mission in Iraq, since the emergence of an openly anti-American government would dissolve any theoretical benefit from the original invasion.   The trouble is that a self-perpetuating cycle is at work; the Iraqi government likely cannot survive without American military protection, yet that very protection ensures that the Iraqi government will never be genuinely legitimate in the eyes of its citizens.   â€Å"Mercenaries and auxiliaries are at once useless and dangerous, and he who holds his State by means of mercenary troops can never be solidly or securely seated†Ã‚   (31). In a country as divided by clan and ethnicity and religious sect as Iraq is, an invading army must have a solid appraisal of what groups it must count as allies in order to effectively govern the country.   Several of the decisions taken by the American proconsul, Jerry Bremer, imply that this appraisal was either never made or was horribly blundered.   Two such decisions come to mind.   Firstly, the Iraqi army was disbanded and its soldiers and officers were sent home without any way of supporting their families but with their weapons.   Secondly, the Ba’ath Party was dissolved, and a massive proportion of its members were excluded from meaningful participation in the new Iraq. Due to the nature of the Iraqi military, especially its officer corps, and the Ba’ath party, these decisions effectively made enemies of the Sunni minority in Iraq, which included the most militarily competent, technocratic, educated, secular, and Western-oriented elements of the society.   The very Iraqis, in other words, who could bring either the greatest harm or the greatest aid to the American occupation.   â€Å"As Princes cannot escape being hated by some, they should, in the first place, endeavor not to be hated by a class; failing in which, they must do all they can to escape the hatred of that class which is the stronger†Ã‚   (51). After dismissing the Iraqi army, and thereby humiliating a large portion of the population, it became evident that the American occupation could never succeed without an Iraqi army, as there were not nearly enough American soldiers to pacify Iraq.   The Americans therefore began training and arming a new Iraqi army, but the damage had been done.   By dismissing the nearest thing to a truly â€Å"national† institution in Ba’athist Iraq, the Americans proved their distrust of the Iraqi people.   It was therefore inevitable that the new, American-backed Iraqi army would be tainted as occupation collaborators by the population and occasionally as insurgent collaborators by the Americans. Most experts now point to the decision to disband the Iraqi army without pay and with weapons was the single biggest blunder that the United States made in Iraq.   This single decision instantly created a vast class of humiliated, impoverished, idle, and armed young men, which essentially guaranteed the emergence of an insurgency.   â€Å"By disarming, you at once giver offence, since you show your subjects that you distrust them, either as doubting their courage, or as doubting their fidelity, each of which imputations begets hatred against you†Ã‚   (56). It seems unreal now, but it is important to note that there was no insurgency in the early months of the American occupation; it seems now that the Iraqi people were giving the Americans a chance to make clear their true motives and intentions.   One wonders what may have happened had the Iraqi army been called upon by the American army to join together in rebuilding and securing Iraq, a goal that both groups shared.   One wonders what may have happened had thousands of mid-level Ba’athist technocrats been allowed to keep their jobs, such as running electrical grids, hospitals, and water purification plants.   One wonders indeed. The above quotes and examples are all variations of one unifying theme; the American errors in Iraq have been driven by a failure to recognize its natural allies, to preempt the emergence of natural enemies, and to win the trust and loyalty of the local population.   Each of these necessities was articulated in The Prince, and one wonders if George W. Bush and Donald Rumsfeld ever read the book. Works Cited Machiavelli, Niccolo.   The Prince.   New York: Dover Publications, Inc., 1992.

How Humans Have Contributed to Climate Change

CLIMATE CHANGE: HOW THE HOMO SAPIENS HAVE CONTRIBUTED By Ernest Ebo Jackson TERM PAPER Climate change refers to change in average weather patterns and can be caused by both natural processes and human activities. In the past, the earth's climate has been affected by natural factors such as changes in solar output and the discharge of volcanic ash. In fact, the planet has been through many periods of cooling and warming. The last period of major cooling ended about 10,000 years ago. The physical evidence that suggests that the earth’s climate is changing is truly overwhelming. The world’s glaciers are retreating and disappearing, extreme weather is occurring more often now than in the past, the sea’s level and temperature is on the rise and it’s becoming more acidic, increased evaporation is drying out the earth’s supply of fresh water found in lakes and rivers, heat waves kill thousands in Europe, uncontrollable forests fires are destroying forests reserves in places like Australia and Africa, and increasing atmospheric temperature is raising the budget of many families in tropical countries use in cooling their homes. Need I say more? The sun's warmth heats the surface of the earth, which in turn radiates energy back to space. Some of this radiation, which is nearly all in the infrared spectrum, is trapped in the atmosphere by greenhouse gases. For instance, water vapor strongly absorbs radiation with wavelengths between 4 and 7 micrometers, and carbon dioxide (CO2) absorbs radiation with wavelengths between 13 and 19 micrometers. The trapped radiation warms the lower atmosphere, or troposphere. Some heat then finds its way back down to the Earth's surface, making it hotter than it would otherwise be. This is the greenhouse effect. Carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere over the last 400,000 years show a rise since the industrial revolution. Analysis of ice in a core drilled from an ice sheet such as the Antarctic ice sheet enables scientist to arrive at this conclusion. But since when did humans becoming aware of the potentially adverse effects of Carbon dioxide emissions on the climate? As early as 1827, French polymath Jean-Baptiste Fourier predicts an atmospheric effect eeping the earth warmer than it would otherwise be. He is the first to use a greenhouse analogy. Also in 1957, US oceanographer Roger Revelle warns that humanity is conducting a â€Å"large-scale geophysical experiment† on the planet by releasing greenhouse gases. Colleague David Keeling sets up first continuous monitoring of CO2 levels in the atmosphere. Keeling soon finds a regular year-on-year rise. Over the years, there have been many conferences aimed at finding solutions to climate change or global warming. In 1985 for instance, there was a major international conference on the greenhouse effect at Villach, Austria, which warned that greenhouse gases will â€Å"in the first half of the next century, cause a rise of global mean temperature which is greater than any in man's history. † This could cause sea levels to rise by up to one meter, researchers say. The conference also reports that gases other than carbon dioxide, such as methane, ozone, CFCs and nitrous oxide, also contribute to warming. The world’s nations however have not been united in their quest to curb global warming or climate change. Many nations have been selfish, especially developed ones, seeking first to achieve or maintain economic growth and thus world dominance rather than make the sacrifices needed to reverse the negative trend of climate change. . A revisit to some historical event will help buttress this point. 1995 proved to be the hottest year recorded to date. In March, the Berlin Mandate is agreed by signatories at the first full meeting of the Climate Change Convention in Berlin. Industrialized nations agree on the need to negotiate real cuts in their emissions, to be concluded by the end of 1997. In 1996, at the second meeting of the Climate Change Convention, the US agrees for the first time to legally binding emissions targets and sides with the IPCC against influential skeptical scientists. After a four-year pause, global emissions of CO2 resume their steep climb, and scientists warn that most industrialized countries will not meet Rio agreement to stabilize emissions at 1990 levels by the year 2000. Furthermore, in 1997, Kyoto Protocol agrees legally binding emissions cuts for industrialized nations, averaging 5. 4%, to be met by 2010. The meeting also adopts a series of flexibility measures, allowing countries to meet their targets partly by trading emissions permits, establishing carbon sinks such as forests to soak up emissions, and by investing in other countries. The precise rules are left for further negotiations. Meanwhile, the US government says it will not ratify the agreement unless it sees evidence of â€Å"meaningful participation† in reducing emissions from developing countries. In 2001, the new US president, George W Bush, renounces the Kyoto Protocol because he believes it will damage the US economy. After some hesitation, other nations agree to go ahead without him. Talks in Bonn in July and Marrakech in November finally conclude the fine print of the protocol. Analysts say that loopholes have pegged agreed cuts in emissions from rich-nation signatories to less than a third of the original Kyoto promise. Signatory nations urged to ratify the protocol in their national legislatures in time for it to come into force before the end of 2002. Now let’s talk about a second human behavior that is negatively impacting the climate – deforestation. Deforestation is the permanent destruction of indigenous forests and woodlands by the processes of humans such as logging and/or burning of trees in a forested area. Deforestation occurs because of many reasons: trees or derived charcoal are used as or sold for fuel or a commodity to be used by humans, while cleared land is used by humans as pasture for livestock, plantations of commodities, and settlements. People's removal of trees without sufficient reforestation has resulted in damage to habitat, biodiversity loss and aridity. It has adverse impacts on biosequestration (the capture and storage of the atmospheric greenhouse gas carbon dioxide by biological processes) of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Deforested regions typically incur significant adverse soil erosion and frequently degrade into wasteland. Forests (an area with a high density of trees. ) are the most natural biological formation. They serve many functions. Firstly, forests protect and form other natural resources. Thanks to the processes of photosynthesis, they renew the oxygen stock in the atmosphere by fixing atmospheric carbon dioxide and moderating the greenhouse effect. Forests also allow for the existence of many species of plants and animals, thus protecting diversity of nature and its gene stock. Forests clean the environment by muffling noises, lowering the wind strength as well as stopping dust and gases. They have a regulatory influence on surface water runoff; they moderate high and low temperatures and prevent soil erosion. By performing all of the above listed functions forests stabilize the climate and shape the landscape. Forests create conditions for relaxation, recreation and improvement of health. Only when actively growing can trees or forest remove carbon over an annual or longer timeframe. The decay and burning of wood releases much of this stored carbon back to the atmosphere. In order for forests to take up carbon, the wood must be harvested and turned into long-lived products and trees must be re-planted. Sadly consumer trends indicate the humans like to discard products such as furniture after only a few years of usage and buy new ones, increasing the need for wood and thus deforestation. Reducing emissions from the tropical deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries has emerged as new potential solution to complement ongoing climate policies. The idea consists in providing financial compensations for the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from deforestation and forest degradation†. The earlier these ideas are implemented, the better for us. The hydrological effects on climate as a result of deforestation are even more alarming. The water cycle is probably the most affected by deforestation. Trees extract groundwater through their roots and release it into the atmosphere. When part of a forest is removed, the trees no longer evaporate away this water, resulting in a much drier climate. Already, acute water shortages in countries like Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Palestine and Iraq has resulted in armed conflicts with factions fighting to control the scanty water resources available. Water prices increase too is an indication of global water shortage. In Britain, water and sewage bills increased 67 percent between 1989 and 1995. The rate at which people's services were disconnected rose by 177 percent. Deforestation also contributes to decreased evapotranspiration (the sum of evaporation and plant transpiration from the Earth's land surface to atmosphere), which lessens atmospheric moisture which in some cases affects precipitation levels downwind from the deforested area, as water is not recycled to downwind forests, but is lost in runoff and returns directly to the oceans. According to one preliminary study in deforested north and northwest China, the average annual precipitation decreased by one third between the 1950s and the 1980s. Trees, and plants in general, affect the water cycle significantly: their canopies intercept a proportion of precipitation, which is then evaporated back to the atmosphere (canopy interception); their litter, stems and trunks slow down surface runoff; their roots create macropores – large conduits – in the soil that increase infiltration of ater; they contribute to terrestrial evaporation and reduce soil moisture via transpiration; their litter and other organic residue change soil properties that affect the capacity of soil to store water. Their leaves control the humidity of the atmosphere by transpiration. 99% of the water pulled up by the roots move up to the leaves for transpiration. As a result, the presence or absence of trees can change the quantity of water on the surface, in the soil or groundwater , or in the atmosphere. This in turn changes erosion rates and the availability of water for either ecosystem functions or human services. Tropical rainforests produce about 30% of our planet's fresh water. So what are we waiting for? When will human start acting to reverse these trends? I wish I knew. The third human activity that has contributed to global warming is the use of chlorofluorocarbon. A chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) is an organic compound that contains carbon, chlorine, and fluorine. Many CFCs have been widely used as refrigerants, propellants (in aerosol applications), and solvents. Applications exploit the low toxicity, low reactivity, and low flammability of the CFCs. During World War II, various chloroalkanes were in standard use in military aircraft. After the war they slowly became more common in civil aviation as well. In the 1960s, fluoroalkanes and bromofluoroalkanes became available and were quickly recognized as being highly effective fire-fighting materials. By the late 1960s they were standard in many applications where water and dry-powder extinguishers posed a threat of damage to the protected property, including computer rooms, telecommunications switches, laboratories, museums and art collections. Beginning with warships, in the 1970s, bromofluoroalkanes also progressively came to be associated with rapid knockdown of severe fires in confined spaces with minimal risk to personnel. By the early 1980s, bromofluoroalkanes were in common use on aircraft, ships, and large vehicles as well as in computer facilities and galleries. A planet's climate is decided by its mass, its distance from the sun and the composition of its atmosphere. Earth's atmosphere is 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and 1% other gases. Carbon dioxide makes up just 0. 03 – 0. 04% with water vapour varying in amount from 0 to 2%. Without the greenhouse gases, Earth's average temperature would be roughly -20 °C. The use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in machinery and other purposes have resulted in the release of CFCs into the atmosphere which intensifies the heat-trapping properties of the atmosphere as a whole. There is no natural process that release CFCs. In addition, CFCs rise into the upper layer of the atmosphere, the stratosphere, where they destroy the protective layer of ozone, a gas that forms a shield against ultraviolet rays that can harm many forms of life. About l million tons (over 900,000 metric tons) per year of CFCs have been released worldwide since the mid l970s. Demand for refrigeration (which has cooling systems that use CFCs) in developing countries is projected to increase greatly, especially in China and India. Ozone losses in the upper atmosphere are occurring at all latitudes in both hemispheres. The most striking example of ozone loss occurs over the South Pole during September and October. As ozone is lost, the amount of biologically harmful UV-B radiation will increase. Skin cancer rates are expected to increase. Other health effects will likely include an increase in cataracts and suppression of the immune system. Increased UV-B radiation may also harm plants and animals. These CFCs have a global warming potential of up to 11,000 times as strong as carbon dioxide by weight. Unfortunately, millions of products such as refrigerators, air conditioners, fire extinguishers and aerosol cans that contain CFCs are still in use around the world and are nearing the end of their usable lives. The next 10-20 years present a unique one-time opportunity to prevent emissions from these products as they are retired and therefore mitigate ozone damage and global climate change. The damage caused by CFCs was discovered by Sherry Rowland and Mario Molina who, after hearing a lecture on the subject of James Lovelock's work, embarked on research resulting in the first publication suggesting the connection in 1974. It turns out that one of CFCs' most attractive features—their low reactivity— is the key to their most destructive effects. CFCs' lack of reactivity gives them a lifespan that can exceed 100 years, giving them time to diffuse into the upper stratosphere. Once in the stratosphere, the sun's ultraviolet radiation is strong enough to cause the homolytic cleavage of the C-Cl bond. Since the late 1970s, the use of CFCs has been heavily regulated. By 1987, in response to a dramatic seasonal depletion of the ozone layer over Antarctica, diplomats in Montreal forged a treaty, the Montreal Protocol, which called for drastic reductions in the production of CFCs. On March 2, 1989, 12 European Community nations agreed to ban the production of all CFCs by the end of the century. In 1990, diplomats met in London and voted to significantly strengthen the Montreal Protocol by calling for a complete elimination of CFCs by the year 2000. On October 2 2009, the Environmental and Energy Study Institute (EESI) held a briefing about the stockpile of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in old equipment and building infrastructure, and the enormous potential for these potent greenhouse gases to accelerate climate change. These CFC â€Å"banks† store the equivalent of 18 billion tons of carbon dioxide, approximately one-third of which will be emitted over the next decade under business as usual. EESI estimates that the destruction of CFCs could cost $62 -$180 billion globally. No wonder institutions are reluctant to destroy them though they are very much conscious of the effects CFCs are having on our climate. As the evidence shows, we have ourselves to blame for the unfavorable climate in recent history. Our practices are changing the climate and we are conscious of it but still keep on living life as if nothing is at stake. The billions of dollars that we gain from over-exploiting the earth are the same billion we spent on relief for victims of extreme weather. What then do we gain? The U. S. has sustained 96 weather-related disasters over the past 30 years in which overall damages/costs reached or exceeded $1 billion. The total normalized losses for the 96 events exceed $700 billion. Read an instance in the paragraph below. Southwest/Great Plains Drought persists for an entire year in 2009. Drought conditions occurred during much of the year across parts of the Southwest, Great Plains, and southern Texas causing agricultural losses in numerous states (TX, OK, KS, CA, NM, and AZ). The largest agriculture losses occurred in TX and CA. Estimate of over $5. 0 billion in damages/costs. I believe the arguments presented herein are very conclusive. Humans have contributed immensely to climate change and they are paying for it.

Job Profile - Human Resources Managers

Job Profile - Human Resources Managers What Is a Human Resources Manager? A human resources manager, or HR manager, is in charge of overseeing the human capital, or employees, of an organization. They often help to staff an organization by recruiting employees, conducting hiring interviews, and selecting new employees. Once staff is hired, the human resources manager may oversee employee training, employee benefits programs (such as insurance programs), and disciplinary proceedings.   Human Resources Management Job Titles Some human resources managers are just called human resources managers, but others may have more specialized titles. Some of the most common job titles associated with the human resources management field include:   Affirmative Action SpecialistBenefits ManagerCompensation ManagerEmployee Relations representativeEmployee Welfare ManagerGovernment Personnel SpecialistJob AnalystLabor Relations ManagerPersonnel ManagerTraining Manager Required Education for Human Resources Managers Most human resources managers have some sort of formal education. The minimum requirement is typically a bachelors degree in business, management, human resources or a related field. However, it is not uncommon for human resources to have a more advanced degree, such as a Master of Business Administration (MBA) or a specialized masters degree, such as a Master in Human Resources Management. While enrolled in a human resources degree  program, students will usually take core business courses in management, accounting, and finance as well as more specialized courses that teach them about labor relations, workplace psychology, benefits management, business ethics, and business law. Student who want to work for a company with a global business presence should also take courses in international business.   In addition to classes, aspiring human resources managers should also seek out other opportunities while they are enrolled in a college, university or business school program. Networking is important in this field. Meeting people will make it easier to get a job after graduation and may even help you to fill positions once you do start working for a company. Participating in internships and experiential learning experiences can also give you valuable hands-on skills that will prepare you for your career and possibly give you an edge over other applicants when you enter the workforce after graduation.   Salaries for Human Resources Managers Human resources management is a lucrative career path for business majors. According to numbers published by the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, human resources managers make a median annual salary of more than $100,000 per year. The highest paid HR managers earn almost $200,000 per year.   Job Outlook for Human Resources Managers Growth  in the human resources field  is expected to be better than average in the coming years, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Opportunities are expected to be best for individuals with a masters degree in human resources or a related area.

Healthcare Administration Degree Best Careers and Schools

Healthcare Administration Degree Best Careers and Schools SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Are you considering a job in healthcare administration? It’s a rapidly growing field that pays well and gives you the opportunity to help patients and make the medical process easier for them. However, you need to have the proper education to work in this field. What healthcare administration degree do you need to get the job you want? Once you have your health administration degree, what jobs can you get? How much money can you make? Is a bachelor’s degree in healthcare administration enough or do you need to get a master’s? And if you decide to get your degree online, what are the best programs available? This guide will answer all your questions! What Is a Healthcare Administration Degree? If you’re interested in healthcare but think you’d prefer the business side, you may want to look into getting a healthcare administration degree. People who work in healthcare administration handle the work that goes on mostly behind the scenes to ensure that people get the care they need as quickly and smoothly as possible. Their roles can include handling patient insurance forms in a nursing home, explaining the best way for a business to sell medical devices, managing workers in a hospital, and more. To work at many of these jobs, you’ll need a health administration degree. Healthcare administration can be a complicated and technical field, and since making a mistake with someone’s insurance or medical records can have potentially disastrous consequences, it’s critical that you’re properly trained. When you start a healthcare administration degree program, you’ll learn everything you need to know to succeed in these positions, from proper medical billing, to how insurance works, to managing other employees, and even classes in anatomy and health so you have a solid understanding of healthcare. What Jobs Can You Get With a Healthcare Administration Degree? A healthcare administration degree qualifies you for healthcare jobs in many areas. You may work in a hospital, laboratory, government agency, or a private business. Some jobs focus a lot on billing and insurance while others emphasize management and organizing other employees or organizations. There are dozens of positions you are eligible for with a healthcare administration degree, and below we give descriptions of five of the most common. Salary data is from PayScale. Medical Office Manager People in this position typically work at doctor offices, where they are in charge of making sure the entire office runs smoothly. This may include supervising staff, making sure all paperwork is filed correctly, handling issues with insurance that arise, and making sure appointments are managed in an organized way. Average annual salary: $48,252 Healthcare Consultant Healthcare consultants provide advice to businesses that want to learn more about healthcare, potentially because they work with healthcare specialists or sell healthcare products. The healthcare consultant will conduct research and analyze data to help the business determine the best ways it can meet its goals. Average annual salary: $76,661 Community Support Manager If you get a job as a community support manager, you’ll be responsible for helping develop and implement programs to improve the health of both individuals and communities. You’ll likely collaborate often with other healthcare professionals, including doctors, nurses, dietitians, and social workers, to develop plans that improve all aspects of health for the person or group you’re focusing on. Average annual salary: $46,452 Healthcare Human Resources Manager At this position, your duties will primarily consist of overseeing employee pay, benefits, trainings, and hirings. It’s similar to a general HR manager position, but you’ll have special training for doing these duties in the healthcare field. Average annual salary: $65,298 Insurance Specialist These employees contact insurance companies on behalf of patients and doctors, work with medical records, deal with coding and billing, and overall make sure insurance benefits and payments are being properly applied. Average annual salary: $59,994 Should You Get an Associates, Bachelors or Masters Degree in Healthcare Administration? There are three types of healthcare administration degrees: associate, bachelor, and master. Which degree should you get? That depends a lot on how quickly you want to begin working and the types of jobs you’re looking for. Most people will get a bachelor’s degree in healthcare administration, since that qualifies you for most jobs in this field, but read on to learn how long each degree takes to get and which jobs it’ll qualify you for. Associate Degree in Healthcare Administration 60 credits Usually takes two years to complete An associate degree in healthcare administration qualifies you for some entry-level admin jobs at hospitals, nursing homes, or other medical practices, however; other entry-level jobs, especially those at hospitals, will require a bachelor’s degree. You’ll take classes in medical terminology, business administration, medical ethics, and healthcare management, among other topics. Bachelor Degree in Healthcare Administration 120 credits Usually takes about four years to complete A bachelor degree in healthcare administration opens up far more job opportunities than you’d get with an associate degree alone. During your four years of study, you’ll study healthcare administration in-depth and learn the ins-and-outs of record keeping, medical law, HR management, medical accounting, anatomy, and other subjects. You may also choose to specialize in a certain area, such as emergency health, home care health, or others. With a bachelor health administration degree, you’ll be qualified for all entry-level healthcare administration jobs, and if you can enough experience, you can eventually move on to more advanced positions, such as departmental leadership jobs. Master’s Degree in Healthcare Administration 32-60 credits Usually takes about two years to complete Most healthcare administration jobs don’t require anything higher than a bachelor degree, but if you are hoping to obtain a leadership position in a large practice, such as a hospital or another organization with executive management, having a master’s degree will help you achieve those goals. Graduate classesin healthcare administration will place more of an emphasis on business and administration leadership, as well as classes in strategic planning and more technical areas of healthcare. With a Master’s in healthcare administration, you’ll be qualified for nearly all leadership positions in healthcare administration (as long as you also have enough relevant experience). What Are the Best Healthcare Administration Degree Online Programs? Like other online degree programs, online degrees in healthcare administration have seen a huge increase in popularity in the past few years. Online degrees are often much easier to obtain for people who wouldn’t have the time, money, or ability to attend on-campus classes. However, some online degree programs are little more than diploma mills, so if you decide to get your healthcare administration degree online, you need to make sure it’s from a legitimate school, otherwise you’ll have an extremely difficult time finding a job. You should only enroll in a school that is accredited. This information is typically found on the school’s website, but if you can’t find it, a simple Google search of â€Å"[school name] accreditation† should give you your answer. Also read reviews of other students who have gotten their healthcare administration degree online from the school to learn what they think about it and if they’d recommend the program to others. To make your search a little easier, here is a list of three of the best online bachelors of healthcare administration degree programs. You can feel confident you’re getting a good education at any of these schools, but they definitely aren’t the only good options available, so make sure you do some research before deciding on a school. Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado Degree offered: Bachelor of Science in Healthcare Administration Tuition cost: $350 per credit hour What makes it stand out: CSU is one of the most affordable online healthcare administration degree programs, and there are no additional out-of-state tuition fees. Additionally, CSU has a very flexible course schedule. Every class is offered every semester, and there are accelerated courses offered throughout the year if you want to finish a certain class more quickly. University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Degrees offered: Bachelor of Science in Health Services Administration, Bachelor of Science in Health Informatics and Information Management Tuition cost: $212.28 per credit hour (in-state) or $748.89 per credit hour (out-of-state, and before tuition reductions) What makes it stand out: UCF has a rigorous curriculum, including multiple specialization opportunities and a capstone experience in healthcare administration, to ensure you’re prepared for whatever job you get after graduation. It also gives out-of-state online students a discount so their tuition so their cost of attending is more affordable. University of Memphis Memphis, Tennessee Degree offered: Bachelor of Science in Health Studies (with a concentration in Healthcare Leadership) Tuition cost: $320 per credit hour (in-state) or $594 per credit hour (out-of-state) What makes it stand out: All healthcare administration students at the University of Memphis are required to complete an internship in healthcare leadership. This ensures they have real world experience before they graduate and will give them a leg up when applying to jobs. Summary: Health Administration Degree If you want to work in healthcare administration, you’ll need to have the proper degree. A healthcare administration degree can qualify you for many positions, ranging from jobs in nursing homes to hospitals to big businesses. A bachelor’s degree in healthcare administration is enough to qualify you for most jobs, but a Master’s degree in healthcare administration is needed for some leadership positions. There are online degree programs if you want to work in healthcare administration but, same as for all schools, make sure the school you decide to attend has a good reputation and will prepare you for the career you want. What's Next? Are there other science topics you want to review? Then you're in luck!Our guides will teach you loads of useful topics, includinghow to convert Celsius to Fahrenheitandwhat the density of water is. What are the most important science classes to take in high school?Check out our guide to learn all the high school classes you should be taking. Thinking about becoming a nurse practitioner?Read our guide on everything you need to know about the steps to becoming a nurse practitioner. Have friends who also need help with test prep? Share this article! Tweet Christine Sarikas About the Author Christine graduated from Michigan State University with degrees in Environmental Biology and Geography and received her Master's from Duke University. In high school she scored in the 99th percentile on the SAT and was named a National Merit Finalist. She has taught English and biology in several countries. Get Free Guides to Boost Your SAT/ACT Get FREE EXCLUSIVE insider tips on how to ACE THE SAT/ACT. 100% Privacy. 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Marketing Fundamental Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Marketing Fundamental - Assignment Example Target marketing and market segmentation is one of the important marketing fundamentals. It is important for the business organizations to segment their products and services according to the characteristics of target market. Business organizations generally develop several marketing strategies according to the age, gender, location and behaviour of the customers. Effective and appropriate target market strategy can help an organization to develop strong and potential customer and business client base. In addition to this, it is important for the organization to control several business operation cost in order to maximize business profit margin. Lack of effective operational cost control strategy may result significant loss which can hamper entire business operation and productivity. Brand management and brand building strategies are considered as other important marketing fundamentals. It is true that high brand image motivate the target customers to buy or consume the products. Strong brand building strategy helped an organization to secure an intangible asset that helps to attract the customers of various cultural backgrounds towards the brand. Detailed market research is important for the organization to develop a new brand or a product. It is highly important for the organizations to plan several marketing activities according to the competence of products and current market demand. Last but not the least; it is essential for the marketing managers to judge the performance of products. and services through the help of product life cycle matrix. It is the most important marketing fundamental strategy that